Performance Evolution of AODV and DSR Routing Protocols in MANET Using NS2

Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is an autonomous system of mobile nodes connected by wireless links. Each node operates not only as an end system, but also as a router to forward packets. The nodes are free to move about and organize themselves into a network. These nodes change position frequently. The main classes of routing protocols are Proactive, Reactive and Hybrid. A Reactive (on-demand) routing strategy is a popular routing category for wireless ad hoc routing. It is a relatively new routing philosophy that provides a scalable solution to relatively large network topologies. The design follows the idea that each node tries to reduce routing overhead by sending routing packets whenever a communication is requested. In this work an attempt has been made to compare the performance of two prominent on demand reactive routing rotocols for MANET: Ad hoc On Demand Distance Vector (AODV), Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) protocols. DSR and AODV is a reactive gateway discovery algorithms where a mobile device of MANET connects by gateway only when it is needed. As per our findings the differences in the protocol mechanics lead to significant performance differentials for both of these protocols. The performance differentials are analyzed using varying metrices. These simulations are carried out using the ns-2 network simulator. The results presented in this work illustrate the importance in carefully evaluating and implementing routing protocols in an ad hoc environment.